عوامل موثر بر بهره وری نیروی انسانی در تولید محصولات عمده ی زراعی بخش مرکزی شهرستان ممسنی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد گروه توسعه روستایی دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

2 استاد گروه توسعه روستایی دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

چکیده

امروزه افزایش بهره وری یکی از موثرترین روش های دستیابی به رشد اقتصادی است. هدف از این تحقیق، ارزیابی عوامل موثر بر بهره وری نیروی انسانی در تولید محصولات عمده زراعی بخش مرکزی شهرستان ممسنی از توابع استان فارس بود. داده‌های این تحقیق از طریق پرسشنامه و مصاحبه ی حضوری با 358 زارع سرپرست خانوار از 24 روستای بخش مرکزی شهرستان ممسنی در سال زراعی87-1386 که از طریق نمونه گیری طبقه ای متناسب و تصادفی انتخاب شدند، جمع آوری شد. از جمله عواملی که بر بهره وری نیروی انسانی تاثیرگذار بوده و در این تحقیق مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است، می توان سن، تجربه، جنس، سطح تحصیلات کشاورز، اندازه ی مزرعه، شرکت در برنامه های آموزشی- ترویجی، تعداد بازدیدهای سالانه مروجین از مزارع کشاورز و تسهیلات بانکی را نام برد. تحلیل با استفاده از مدل رگرسیون چند متغیره ی کاب داگلاس انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که متغیرهایی مانند سطح تحصیلات سرپرست در حد خواندن و نوشتن و پنجم ابتدایی، اندازه ی مزرعه، درجه ی مکانیزاسیون، عضویت در شرکت تعاونی، شرکت در برنامه های آموزشی ترویجی، بازدید مروجین از مزارع کشاورز و سکونت کشاورز در روستا با سطح توسعه یافتگی بالا بر بهره وری نیروی انسانی اثر مثبت و از نظر آماری معنی داری داشته و متغیرهایی مانند سطح تحصیلات سرپرست در حد دیپلم و بالاتر، تجربه سرپرست، نسبت مبلغ وام دریافتی به هزینه های جاری در سال، بر بهره وری نیروی انسانی اثر منفی و از نظر آماری معنی داری داشتند. بر اساس این یافته ها، پیشنهاد می شود داشتن مزارع بزرگتر، افزایش سطح مکانیزاسیون، افزایش برنامه های آموزشی ترویجی و بازدید مروجین از مزارع، توسط مسوولین بخش کشاورزی شهرستان ممسنی تشویق و تسهیل گردد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Factors Affecting Labor Productivity in Producing Major Crops in Central Region of Mamasani Township, Fars Province, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. R. Mousavi 1
  • J. Mir Mohammad Sadeghi 2
چکیده [English]

Today increasing productivity is the most and effective ways to achieve economic growth. The purpose of this study is to analyze factors affecting labor productivity in producing major crops in central region of Mamasani Township in Fars province, Iran. Data were collected by filling up questioners through interviews with a sample of 358 farmers from 24 villages in Mamasani Township in farming year of 1386-1387 (2007-2008) who were selected by stratified random sampling. Factors that affected labor productivity were ages, experience, sex, level of education, farm size, participating in training extension programs, number of visits with extension men and access to credit. The analysis was done by using a multiple regression model. The results indicated that the level of education (primary school), farm size, degree of mechanization, membership in cooperatives, participating in extension programs, visiting of farm by extension men and village location had positive effect on labor productivity. Variables such as level of education of high school Diploma, experience, ratio of amount of loan to current costs had negative significant effect on labor productivity. The results of this research suggested that enlargement of farm size, increasing level of mechanization, extension and training program and farm visits by extension men should be encouraged and facilitated by the authorities and policy makers
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Major Crops
  • Mamasani
  • Labor productivity
  • Extension
1. Akbari, N. 1999. Issues of Development in Iran. First Edition,
Iranian Academic for Education, culture &Research, Isfahan.
2. Alvanchi, M. and Sabouhi, M. 2007. Productivity growth in
wheat Production in Iran: An Experimental Study. 6th National
Conference of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture,
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad.
3. Ashrafi, A., Mehrabaneian, A. and pour kakhki, A. 2007. Survey
utilization Petty peasant In Iranian Agriculture: Supportive
Policies and guidelines. 6th National Conference of Agricultural
Economics, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of
Mashhad.
4. Bijani, M. and Malek Mohammadi, A. 2007. Survey the
Productivity and effectiveness of Promotional Activities wheat in
the central plan (case study in Fars Province), Jahad Magazine,
No.278.
5. Byringiro, F. and Reardon, T. 1996. Farm Productivity in
Rowanda. Agricultural Economics. 15:127-136.
6. Farrell, M.j.1957. The Measurement of Productivity Effienciency.
Journal of the Productivity efficiency. Journal of the Royal
Statistical Society. pp 253-290.
7. Foster D .A. , and M. R. Rosenzweig. 2004. Agricultural
Productivity Growth, Rural Economic Diversity and Economic
Reforms :India 1970- 2000. Economic Development and Cultural
Change. 52(3:509-542.
8. Griliches, Zvi and Jorgenson.1964. The Explanation of
Productivity Change. Review of Economic Studies.Vol34.
pp.249-283
9. Haji. A. 2004. Measurement of Total Factor Productivity and
Analysis of Factors Affecting. MSC Thesis, College of
Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology.
10. Hashemi daran, H. and Sarikhani, N. 1999. Five Articles
Concerning Human Resources in the Agricultural Sector of Iran.
Commercial and Agricultural Economics Research Institute.
11. Jacoby, G. H. 1992. Productivity of man and women and the
Sexual division of labor in peasant agricultural of Peruvian Sierra.
Journal of Development Economics. 37:265-287.
12. Jamison D. T, Lockheed M.E and Lau.L. 1980. Farmer Education
and Farm Efficiency: A Survey. Economic Development and
Cultural change. 29(1): 37-77.
13. Jean Paul.C. , Chavas .R and Michael Roth. Farm Household
Production Effeciency: Evidence from Gambia. American Journal
of Agricultural Economics. 87(1): 160-179.
14. Katz, L.F. and K.M. Murphy. 1992. Change in Relative Wages,
1963-1978: Supply and Demand. Quarterly journal of Economics.
107: 35-78.
15. Khakbazan M. , and R. Gray. 1993. The role of Labor in Iranian
agricultural Labor Productivity and estimation of agricultural
Production function. Second symposium of policy in Iran, Shiraz,
Iran. October (18-20), 1994.
16. Majdi, A. 1996. The rate of Labor Productivity in Rural Industries
of Khorasan Province and Factors Affecting. Articles and
Speeches of National Congress of Iranian Productivity, Tehran.
17. Mirzaei, M. and Torkamani, J. 2005. Factors Affecting Labor
Productivity of women and men in sugar beet Production (Case
Study: Kerman Province). Journal of Agricultural Economics and
Development, Special Productivity and Efficiency: 256-277.
18. Mir Mohammad Sadeghi, J. 1998. The Role of Human Capital in
Agricultural Development. Journal of Economics and
Administrative Sciences, 21: 72-77.
19. Mokhtari Amir Majdi. 2005. Sampling: Methods and
Applications (Translation). Institute of Statistics.
20. Movahedi, F. and sarikhani, N. 1998. Women's Productivity in
Rice Production with emphasis on Female head households (
Mazandaran Province). Commercial and Agricultural Economics
Research Institute.
21. Najafi, B. and Zibaee, M. 1994. Determination Efficiency of
Farm wheatear groomers' in Fars Province. Agr. Econ (6): 71-86.
22. Nguyen, T. and Cheng, E. 1997. Productivity bains From Former
Education in Chin. The Australian Journal of
Agriculturales&Resources. 41(4): 471-497.
23. Rahmani, R. 2001. Technical Efficiency of wheat Farmers and
Factors Affecting (case study: Kohgiloyeh & boyr ahmad),
Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development. 33: 161-
183.
24. Rafie pour, F. 2005. Hive of Inquiry and Thought. Fifteenth
Edition, Enteshar Publishing Company.
25. Sabouro Yamada. 1985. Productivity Measurement and Analysis
in Agriculture (translation by Heidari,gh. And Neiazi, j.). Center
for Agricultural Economic studies and Planning, Ministry of
Agriculture.
26. Seung, S.V. 1974. Employment and Labor productivity in Indian
since1950. Economics Development and cultural change.
22(4):673-690.
27. Sharada, W.2007. The Effects of Education of Farmer
Productivity in Rural Ethiopia. http:// www.csae.
ox.ac.uk/workingpapers/pdf.
28. Sheikh Zainodin, A. and Torkamani, J. 2007. Total Factor
Productivity of barley in Fars Province. 6th National Conference
of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi
University of Mashhad.
29. Takashi kurosaki. 2001. Effects of Human Capital on Farm and
Non-Farm Productivitiy in Rural Pakistan. Journal of
Development Economic. 19(1): 79-86.
30. Torkamani, J. and Haji Rahimi, M. 1998. The Relationship
between Farm Size and Total Factor Productivity( case study of
Farmers in Fars Province), Ministry of Agriculture, Department
of Planning and budget, commercial and Agricultural Economics
Research Institute.
31. Witing Dic, R. 1995. Application of Regression (Translator:
Abrishami, A.). Tehran University Press.