تخمین میزان افزایش قیمت گندم تولیدی در اثر حذف یارانه ی سوخت

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه اقتصادکشاورزی دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اقتصادکشاورزی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

سوخت یکی از نهاده‌های مهم مصرفی در بخش کشاورزی است که در ایران با قیمت بسیار پایین‌تر از قیمت جهانی در اختیار کشاورز قرار می‌گیرد و سهم زیادی از یارانه‌ی پرداختی را به خود اختصاص می‌دهد. با توجه به تصمیم حذف یارانه‌ی سوخت، این مطالعه، برای بررسی اثر حذف یارانه‌ی سوخت بر قیمت تمام شده‌ی گندم آبی انجام شده است. در این راستا، ابتدا مجموع میزان حمایت داخلی گندم، محاسبه و سهم سوخت از کل حمایت مشخص گردید. سپس یک تابع هزینه‌ی ترانسلوگ مقید با استفاده از داده های سال های 86- 1366 برآورد شد و با محاسبه ی کشش هزینه ای نهاده های ماشین آلات و آب در اثر حذف یارانه ی سوخت، اثر حذف یارانه بر قیمت تمام شده ی گندم محاسبه گردید. نتایج نشان می دهد که نهاده ی سوخت بیش ترین سهم از مجموع حمایت ها را به خود اختصاص داده به-گونه ای که بر اساس داده های سال 1384، 83 درصد از کل یارانه ی پرداختی به نهاده ها، متعلق به یارانه ی سوخت است. نتایج بدست آمده از تخمین تابع هزینه حاکی از آن است که با حذف کامل یارانه ی سوخت، قیمت گندم به میزان 43/638 ریال و معادل 81/37 درصد افزایش خواهد یافت. نتایج مطالعه نشان می دهد که تعدیل قیمت سوخت بایستی با احتیاط صورت گیرد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Removal of Fuel Subsidy on Wheat Price in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. Salami 1
  • Z. Saraee Shad 2
چکیده [English]

Fuel is one of the important inputs used in the agricultural sector. It is supplied to farmers with a price much lower than its world price, and takes up a large share of subsidy payment in Iran. Recently, government has decided to eliminate the fuel subsidy. This was a motivation to study the effect of subsidy removal on unit cost of irrigated wheat is In Iran. To this end, first, Aggregate Measure of Support (AMS) was computed and the share of fuel in AMS was specified. Then, a restricted translog cost function was estimated, using data over period 1987-2006. Finally, the effect of elimination of subsidy on unit cost of irrigated wheat was computed using irrigation water and machinery cost elasticity derived from the estimated parameters of cost function. Results indicated that fuel constitutes the largest share of AMS so that in 2005, this share accounted for 83 percent of calculated AMS. Also, results revealed that overall elimination of fuel subsidy would result in an increase of 438.98 Rials, equivalent to 26 percent in price of wheat in Iran. This result suggests that decision on removing fuel subsidy must be taken with caution and gradually.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agricultural Sector Fuel Subsidy
  • Cost function
  • Aggregate Measure of Support (AMS)
  • Cost Elasticity
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