بررسی عوامل موثر بر کارآیی فنی تولید گندم آبی در شهر کشم، کشور افغانستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• میرویس شریفی ¹
• فرشید اشراقی ²
• اعظم رضایی ²
• علی کرامت زاده ³

¹ دانش آموخته گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

² استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

³ استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

10.30495/jae.2023.28871.2286

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: گندم آبی تقریبا 75 درصد از تولید داخلی کشور افغانستان را تشکیل می‌دهد. این محصول در امنیت غذایی، افزایش درآمد و اشتغال کشاورزان این کشور اهمیت زیادی دارد. به همین منظور میزان کارایی گندم آبی و عوامل موثر بر آن در این پژوهش مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
مواد و روش­ها: داده­های این پژوهش به روش نمونه­گیری تصادفی طبقه­ای با تکمیل پرسشنامه از 104 کشاورز گندم کار آبی شهرستان کشم کشور افغانستان به­دست آمد. به­منظور تجزیه و تحلیل کارآیی از روش تحلیل پوششی داده­ها استفاده شد. همچنین، برای بررسی عوامل موثر بر کارآیی گندم آبی، مدل رگرسیونی توبیت مورد استفاده قرار گرفت.
یافته­ ها: بر اساس نتایج مدل تحلیل پوششی داده­ها، میانگین کارآیی فنی، تخصیصی و اقتصادی کشاورزان، به‌ترتیب 820/0، 650/0 و 519/0 است. می­توان نتیجه گرفت که اکثر زارعین این شهرستان دارای کارآیی فنی بالا می­باشند، اما از کارآیی اقتصادی خوبی برخوردار نیستند. به­علاوه، نتایج رگرسیون توبیت نشان می­دهدکه متغیر تعاونی­های کشاورزی اثر مثبت و معنی‌دار، متغیر سن کشاورز اثر منفی و معنی­ دار و متغیرهای میزان تحصیلات و تجربه کشاورز اثر منفی و اندازه مزرعه اثر مثبت بر کارآیی فنی دارد.
بحث و نتیجه ­گیری: طبق نتایج تخقیق، تشویق زارعان به عضویت در تعاونی­های کشاورزی و یکپارچه­سازی اراضی باعث بهبود کارآیی فنی تولید گندم آبی این شهرستان می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• کارآیی
• گندم آبی
• تحلیل پوششی داده‌ها
• کشم
• افغانستان

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عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the factors affecting the technical efficiency of irrigated wheat production in Kashm, Afghanistan

نویسندگان [English]

• Mirveys Sharifi ¹
• Farshid Eshraghi ²
• azam rezaee ²
• ali keramatzadeh ³

¹ -MSc in Agricultural Economics

² -Assistant professor of Agricultural Economics, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources

³ Assistant professor of Agricultural Economics, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources

چکیده [English]

In this study, production efficiency of irrigated wheat were studied. The data of this study were obtained by completing a questionnaire from 104 irrigated wheat farmers in Kesham county, in Afghanistan. In order to analyze the efficiency, DEA method was used. Also, Tobit regression model was used to investigate the factors affecting the yield of irrigated wheat. Based on the results of data envelopment analysis model, the average technical, allocative and economic efficiency of farmers are 0.820, 0.650 and 0.519, respectively. It can be concluded that most of the farmers in this city have high technical efficiency but do not have good economic efficiency. In addition, the results of Tobit regression show that the variable of agricultural cooperatives has a positive and significant effect, the variable of farmer age has a negative and significant effect and the variables of education and farmer experience have a negative effect and farm size has a positive effect on technical efficiency. Therefore, encouraging farmers in agricultural cooperatives will improve the technical efficiency of irrigated wheat production in this city.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Efficiency
• irrigated wheat
• data envelopment analysis
• Kesham
• Afganistan

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