Comparison of the impact of the Triple dimensions (Economic, Social and Political) of Globalization indicators on Environmental degradation in Iran using KOF index

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

• jalil Khodaparast shirazi ¹
• Z. Khavand ²

¹ Assistant Professor and Faculty Member of the Department of Economics, Faculty Economics and Management, Islamic Azad university of shiraz Branch, Iran.

² Ph.D. Student in Natural Resources and Environmental Economics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University

Abstract

This study was Comparison and investigated the impact of the Triple dimensions (Economic, Social and Political) of Globalization indicators on Environmental degradation in Iran for the period 1981-2015 and in the framework of Johansen -Juselius co integration model (VECM).For this purpose, KOF index has been used as a global variable. The results showed that from Triple dimensions of Globalization indicators, the economic and political dimensions of globalization increases Environmental degradation but the social dimension of globalization, due to increased awareness of the people about the danger of environmental degradation in Iran during the period under review. It is suggested that the policy makers, In order to benefit from the achievements of the globalization process, through the establishment of the necessary institutions and capacities, policy makers will provide the conditions for the development of clean technologies, the creation of comparative advantage in the clean industries and the limitation of highly polluting industries to minimize the negative consequences of global competition on environmental sustainability

Keywords

• Keywords: VECM
• intensity of energy consumption
• the actual flow of trade
• environment

20.1001.1.20086407.1399.12.46.5.7

---

References

Ahmed, K., & Long, W. (2012). Environmental Kuznets Curve and Pakistan: An Empirical Analysis. Procedia Economics and Finance, 1: 4 – 13.

- Asghari, M., & Mohammadi, M.H. (2012). The effect of commercial liberalization on industry environmental quality. Journal of Economic Development Research,8:41-64. (In Persian)

- Al-Amin, C., Siwar, A. H. & Nural, H. (2008). Globalization & Environmental Degradation: Bangladeshi Thinking as a Developing Nation by 2015.International Review of Business Research Papers, 4(4) :381-395.

- Atici, C. (2011). Carbon Emission, Trade Liberalization and the Japan-ASEAN Interaction: A Group Wise Examination. Journal of the Japanese and International Economics, 24: 355-488.

- Baek, J., Cho, Y. S. & Koo, W. W. (2009). The Environmental Consequence of Globalization: A Country Specific Time-Series Analysis. Ecological Economics, (68): 2255-2264.

- Bagwell, B., & Staiger, R. W. (2005). Erratum to Multilateral trade negotiations, bilateral opportunism and the rules of GATT/WTO. Journal of International Economics, 67:268-294.

- Barghi Oskoee, M., Rasoli Oskoee, M., & Taher Oskoee, S. (2016). The effect of Globalization of the Economy on environmental. Fourth Nation Conference on Management, Economic and Accounting, 1-9. (In Persian)

- Bernuer, T. & Koubi, V. (2009). Globalization, Democracy and the Environment, Working Papers. Center for Comparative and International Studies (CIS) and Institute for Environmental Decisions.

- Daugstad, K., Rønningen, K., & Skar, B. (2006). Agriculture as an upholder of cultural heritage? Conceptualizations and value judgements A Norwegian perspective in international context. Journal of Rural Studies, 22:67-81.

- Da-Rocha, J.M., & Restuccia, D. (2006). The role of agriculture in aggregate business cycles. Review of Economic Dynamics, 9:455-482.

- Dinda, S. (2006). Globalization and Environment: Can Pollution Haven Hypothesis Alone Explain the Impact of Globalization on Environment? , First Periliminary Draft, 1-20.

- Dreher, A. (2005). Does Globalization Affect Growth? Evidence from a new Index of Globalization, Applied Economics, 38(10), pp. 1091-1110.

- Grossmann, G. M., & Krueger A. B. (1991). Environmental Impact of a North American Free Trade Agreement. NBER Working paper, 3914.

- Gholkhandan, A. (2016). Globalization and the size of government in Iran: with the introduction of the new globalization index KOF.Journal of Economic, 11, 12:5-38. (In Persian)

- Gumilang, H.; Mukhopadhyay, K. & Thomassin P. J. (2011). Economic and Environmental Impacts of Trade Liberalization: The Case of Indonesia. Journal of Economic Modeling, (28): 1030-1041.

- Jafaree Samimi, A. Ghaderi, S. Ghaderi, S. & Ketabi T. (2013). Investigating the effect of trade openness and economic globalization on empioyment: The edge test approach.Quarterly Journal of Economic Modeling.13:1-26. (In Persian)

- Jafaree Samimi, A. & Bahraini (2015). Comparison of the impact of the Triple dimensions (Economic, Social and Political) of Globalization indicators on Economic Growth in Selected countries of the Middle Wast and North Africa, Quarterly Journal of Economic Strategy.13:110-170. (In Persian)

- Jafaree Samimi, A. & Gholami, Z. (2015). Effect of the globalization of the economy on environmental sustainability, comparison of developing and developed countries. Quarterly Journal of Commerce Research, 75:1-18. (In Persian)

- Kasman, A. & Selman Y. (2015). CO₂ Emissions, Economic Growth, trade and urbanization in new EU member and candidate countries: A panel data analysis. Economic Modeling, 44:97-103.

- Kazeron, A. & Foshari, M. (2010). Effect of the industrial export on environmental in Iran. Quarterly Journal of Business Recognition .55:183-212. (In Persian)

- Kazeroni, A. & Foshari, M. (2010). The impact of industrial export on the Environmental in Iran. Quarterly Journal of commercial research, 55:183-212.

- Li, T., Wang, Y. & Dingtao, Zh. (2016). Environmental Kuznets Curve in China: New evidence from dynamic panel analysis, energy policy, 138-147.

- Lotfalipoor, M.R. Falahi, M.A., & Esmaeelpoor Moghadam, V.H. (2014). Effect of between economic growth, trade and financial development on environmental in Iran (Base on the hybrid index). Quarterly Journal of Economic growh and development research.15:57-72. (In Persian)

- Managi, S., Hibiki, A. & Tsurumi, T. (2009). Does Trade Openess Improve Environmental Quality. Journal of Environmental and Management, no 58, pp.346-363.

- Mobarak, A. & Mohammadloo, N. (2011). Investigating the effect of commercial release on greenhouse gas emission: Haven pollution and Kuznets curve, Quarterly Journal of planning and budgeting,14(1) :31-58. (In Persian)

- Mohammadi, F. & Sakhi, F. (2012). Effect of trade, foreign investment and human development on environmental performance. Quarterly Journal of strategic and macro policies,1(3). (In Persian)

- Mohammadi, H. & Tiregi Seraji, M. (2015). Investigation of the relationship between economic growth, Trade Openness and environmental pollution: a review of selectad countries in the Middle East. Iranian Energy Economics,2(6) :183-207. (In Persian) 

- Nazari, R. Mahdavi Adeli, M.H. & Dadgari, Y. (2015). Investigate of factors influencing environmental pollution in Iran during 1975-2014. Quarterly Journal of Economic growh,21:47-60. (In Persian)

- Nikolaos, A., Ioannis, Ch. & George F. (2017). Energy consumption, CO2 emissions, and economic growth: An ethical.38. Dilemma, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 68: 808–824.

- Ozturk, I., & Acaravci, A. (2013). The long-run and causal analysis of energy, growth, openness and financial development on carbon emissions in Turkey. Energy Economics, .262-267.

- Panayotou, T. (2000). Globalization and Environment. CID Working Papers, Center for International Development at Harvard University.

- Porter, M.E. (1986). Changing Patterns of International Competition. California Management Review, 27: 9-40.

- Torabi, T., Khajoee poor, A. Tarighee., S., & Pakravan, M.R. (2015). The effect of Energy consumption, Economic Growh and ForeignTrade on Greenhouse Gases in Iran.Quarterly Journal of Economic Modeling, 9(1): 63-84. (In Persian)  

- Ufkes, F. M. (1993). Trade liberalization, agro-food politics and the globalization of agriculture. Political Geography, 12:215-231.