Application of system dynamics modeling in analyzing and explaining the role of social capital in sustainable rural livelihood

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 M.Sc. Student, Rural Development Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Rural Development Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Rural Development Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University

Abstract

The collected information from the perspective of experts, key informants as well as research background was the basis for designing a new questionnaire using random sampling method and Cochran sampling method among 120 locals (villages of Qarabagh city of Ghazni province in Afghanistan). , completed. Findings showed that social capital through a complex and dynamic mechanism can determine the sustainable rural livelihood in a community so that the average income growth rate in the sample during the period 1390-1420 is equal to + 43.5% and with the improvement of income situation, Social justice and interest in economic activities in the village were predicted to grow. Also, the forecast results indicate that the average annual growth of social assets in the study area will be equal to + 1.65 percent.

Keywords


  1. Chambers R. Ideas for development. Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9781849771665/ideas-development-robert-chambers
  2. Chambers R, Conway G. Sustainable rural livelihoods: practical concepts for the 21st century. Institute of Development Studies (UK). https://opendocs.ids.ac.uk/opendocs/handle/20.500.12413/775
  3. Chen H, Shivakoti G, Zhu T, Maddox D. Livelihood sustainability and community based co-management of forest resources in China: Changes and improvement. Environmental management,2012, 49(1), 219-228. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00267-011-9775-4
  4. Faham E, Rezvanfar A, Mohammadi SHM, Nohooji MR. Using system dynamics to develop education for sustainable development in higher education with the emphasis on the sustainability competencies of students. Technological Forecasting and Social Change,2017,  123, 307-326. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0040162516300129
  5. Ford A, Ford FA. Modeling the environment: an introduction to system dynamics models of environmental systems. Island press. 1999, https://www.proquest.com/openview/a83368d88604ce924c2a1caa1c1faf59/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=31369
  6. Forrester JW. Industrial dynamics. Journal of the Operational Research Society,1997, 48(10), 1037-1041. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2600946?journalCode=tjor20
  7. Ganguly A, Talukdar A, Chatterjee D. Evaluating the role of social capital, tacit knowledge sharing, knowledge quality and reciprocity in determining innovation capability of an organization. Journal of Knowledge Management. 2019, https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JKM-03-2018-0190/full/html
  8. Gebru GW, Beyene F. Rural household livelihood strategies in drought-prone areas: A case of Gulomekeda District, eastern zone of Tigray National Regional State, Ethiopia. Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics, 2012, 4(6), 158-168. https://academicjournals.org/journal/JDAE/article-abstract/01348839424
  9. Ievdokymov V, Lehenchuk S, Zakharov D, Andrusiv U, Usatenko O, Kovalenko L. Social capital measurement based on “The value explorer” Method. Management Science Letters,2020, 10(6), 1161-1168. http://m.growingscience.com/beta/msl/3580-social-capital-measurement-based-on-the-value-explorer-method.html
  10. Karami Dehkordi M, Miani A. Identifying and designing a complementary sustainable livelihood approach in rural areas of Afghanistan Case: Andar district in Ghazni province. Serd. The Journal of Spatial Planning, 2021, 25(3), 119-145. https://hsmsp.modares.ac.ir/article-21-52744-en.html
  11. Kassa K, Eshetu Z. Situation analysis of rural livelihoods and socioeconomic dynamics for sustainable rural development: The Case of Legehida Woreda district. Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Management, 2014, 3(3), 201-208. http://www.apexjournal.org
  12. Kassie GW, Kim S, Fellizar Jr, FP. Determinant factors of livelihood diversification: Evidence from Ethiopia. Cogent Social Sciences, 2017, 3(1), 1369490. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23311886.2017.1369490
  13. Keshavarz M, Maleksaeidi H, Karami E. Livelihood vulnerability to drought: A case of rural Iran. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2017, 21, 223-230. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2212420916304423
  14. Kotir JH, Smith C, Brown G, Marshall N, Johnstone R. A system dynamics simulation model for sustainable water resources management and agricultural development in the Volta River Basin, Ghana. Science of the Total Environment,2016, 573, 444-457. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969716317740
  15. Layani G, Bakhshoodeh M, Zibaei M. Water resources sustainability under climate variability and population growth in Iran: A system dynamics approach. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2021, 19(3), 441-455. https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_4931.html
  16. Layani G, Bakhshoodeh M, Zibaei M, Viaggi D. Sustainable water resources management under population growth and agricultural development in the Kheirabad river basin, Iran. Bio-based and Applied Economics, 2021, 10(4), 305-323. https://oaj.fupress.net/index.php/bae/article/view/10465
  17. Mohammadi A, Omidi Naajafabadi M, Poursaeed A. Designing a Sustainable Rural Livelihood Paradigm with Emphasis on the Human Geography. Journal of Rural Research, 2021, 12(1), 194-209. https://jrur.ut.ac.ir/m/article_79810_bbef679de32951eb41b19c144516015d.pdf?lang=en
  18. Narain U, Gupta S, Van't Veld K. Poverty and resource dependence in rural India. Ecological Economics, 2008, 66(1), 161-176. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S092180090700448X
  19. Polyviou M, Croxton KL, Knemeyer AM. Resilience of medium-sized firms to supply chain disruptions: the role of internal social capital. International Journal of Operations & Production Management. 2019, https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJOPM-09-2017-0530/full/html
  20. Rahbar A, Haydari F. Impact of Social Capital on Promotion of Policy-making. Research Letter of International Relations, 2011, 4(14), 219-253. http://prb.iauctb.ac.ir/article_524583.html?lang=en
  21. Rahimi Z, Karamidehkordi M. Dynamics Assessment of Living Conditions in rural Communities, Using the SLF Approach and Benefiting from the CIPP pattern (Case Study: Darreh‌shahr County). Community Development (Rural and Urban Communities),2020, 12(1), 271-303. https://jrd.ut.ac.ir/article_79797.html?lang=en
  22. Savari M, Moradi M. Factors Affecting the Improvement of Livelihood of Rural Households in Drought Conditions Case: Hindijan County. Space economics and rural development. 2019, 8 (30): 242-219. http://serd.khu.ac.ir/article-۱-3428-fa.html
  23. Sharafi Z, Nooripour M, Karamidehkordi E. Assessing livelihood capitals and their sustainability in rural households (the Case of the Central District of Dena County). Iranian Agricultural Extension and Education Journal, 2018, 13(2), 51-70. https://www.iaeej.ir/&url=http:/www.iaeej.ir/article_59584.html?lang=en
  24. Sterman JD. System dynamics modeling: tools for learning in a complex world. California management review, 2001, 43(4), 8-25. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.2307/41166098?journalCode=cmra
  25. Thompson M. Social capital, innovation and economic growth. Journal of behavioral and experimental economics, 2018, 73, 46-52. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2214804318300375
  26. Udayakumara EPN, Shrestha RP. Assessing livelihood for improvement: Samanalawewa reservoir environs, Sri Lanka. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 2011, 18(4), 366-376. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13504509.2011.562740
  27. Zhang R, Xi J, Zhang N. The Research on Peasant Sustainable Livelihood Models in Rural Tourism Areas Under Urbanization—A Case from Jixian, Tianjin. Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies, 2015, 3(01), 1550008. https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S2345748115500086